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People's Republic of China

The People's Republic of China ( ), commonly known as China, is the largest country in East Asia and the third or fourth largest country in the world. With a population of over 1.3 billion, it is the most populous country in the world. The Communist Party of China (CPC) has led the PRC under a single-party system since the state's establishment in 1949. The PRC is involved in a long-running dispute over the political status of Taiwan. The CPC's rival during the Chinese Civil War, the Kuomintang (KMT), fled to Taiwan and surrounding islands after its civil war defeat in 1949, claiming legitimacy over China, Mongolia, and Tuva while it was the ruling power of the Republic of China (ROC). The term "Mainland China" is often used to denote the areas under PRC rule, but usually excludes its two Special Administrative Regions: Hong Kong and Macau. Because of its vast population, rapidly growing economy, and large research and development investments, China is considered an "emerging superpower". It has the world's fourth largest economy (second largest in terms of purchasing power parity). China is also a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. Since 1978, China's market-based economic reforms have brought the poverty rate down from 53% in 1981 to 8% by 2001. However, China is now faced with a number of other economic problems, including an aging population, an increasing rural-urban income gap, and rapid environmental degradation. China plays a major role in international trade. The country is the world's largest consumer of steel and concrete, using, respectively, a third and over a half of the world's supply of each. Counting all products, China is the third largest importer and the second largest exporter in the world. (more)

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  • Traditional Chinese character: Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. The modern shapes of traditional Chinese characters first appeared with the emergence of the clerical script during the Han Dynasty, and have been more o
  • Han Chinese: Han Chinese ( ) are an ethnic group native to China and, by most modern definitions, the largest single ethnic group in the world. Han Chinese constitute about 92 percent of the population of the People's Republic of China and about 19 percent of the
  • Richard Nixon: Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913–April 22, 1994) was the thirty-seventh President of the United States (1969–1974) and the only American president to resign from that office. Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, California and developed an interest i
  • Premier: A premier is a title for the head of government in some countries. In many nations, the title "premier" is used interchangeably with "prime minister": for example, the "Italian Premier" is the same person as the "Italian President of the Council of M
  • Nanjing: (Chinese: 南京; Romanizations: Nánjīng (Pinyin) , Nan-ching (Wade-Giles) , Nanking (Postal map spelling) ) is the capital of China's Jiangsu Province, and a city with a prominent place in Chinese history and culture. Nanjing (literally: 'Southern capit
  • Province (China): A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( ), which is an administrative division. Together with municipalities, autonomous regions, and the special administrative regions, provinces make up the first level (known as the provinc
  • Nuclear weapon: A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from the nuclear reaction of fission or from a combination of fission and fusion. Both reactions release vast quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter; a m
  • Research and development: The phrase research and development (also R and D or, more often, R&D), according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, refers to "creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, in
  • Tibetan Buddhism: Tibetan Buddhism is the body of religious Buddhist doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet and the Himalayan regions, which include northern Nepal, Bhutan, India (Arunachal Pradesh, Ladakh and Sikkim), Mongolia, Russia (Kalmykia, Buryatia a
  • Direct-controlled municipality: Direct-controlled municipality (直辖市 zhíxiáshì) is the highest level classificiation for cities used by Chinese governments, with status equal to that of the provinces. The People's Republic of China (PRC) on mainland China and the Republic of China (
  • Hui people: The Hui people ( , Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو ) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They are concentrated in Northwe
  • Kyoto Protocol: The Kyoto Protocol is a protocol to the international Framework Convention on Climate Change with the objective of reducing greenhouse gases that cause climate change. It was adopted on 11 December 1997 by the 3rd Conference of the Parties, which was
  • Tibetan people: The Tibetan people are indigenous to Tibet and surrounding areas stretching from Central Asia in the West to Myanmar and China Proper in the East. The Government of Tibet in Exile claims that the number of Tibetans has fallen from 6.3 million to 5.4
  • Deng Xiaoping: Deng Xiaoping ( ; August 22, 1904 February 19, 1997) was a prominent Chinese politician, pragmatist and reformer, as well as the late leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Deng never held office as the head of state or the head of government,
  • Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama: Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso (born Lhamo Döndrub ( ) 6 July 1935 in Qinghai ), is the 14th and current Dalai Lama. The Dalai Lama is a revered spiritual leader among Tibetans and exerts a powerful influence over the Gelug School
  • Non-Aligned Movement: The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is an international organization of states considering themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. It was founded in April 1955; as of 2007, it has 118 members. The purpose of the organization
  • Communist state: Communist state is a term used by many political scientists to describe a form of government in which the state operates under a one-party system and declares allegiance to Marxism-Leninism or a derivative thereof. Communist states may have several l
  • Zhuhai: Zhuhai ( ; lit. "Pearl Sea") is a prefecture-level city on the southern coast of Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in the Pearl River Delta, Zhuhai borders Jiangmen to the northwest, Zhongshan to the north, and Macau to th
  • Shantou: Shantou ( ; POJ: Sòaⁿ-thâu; also historically known as Swátōw or Suátao) is a city of 4,971,000 permanent inhabitants (as at end 2006) in coastal eastern Guangdong Province, China, occupying an area of 2,064 sq. km. With its immediately surrounding c
  • Yao Ming: Yao Ming ( ) (born September 12 1980) is a Chinese professional basketball player who plays for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is currently the tallest player in the NBA, at 7 feet 6 inches (2.29 m). Yao, who was
  • Shinzo Abe: Shinzo Abe; born 21 September 1954}} was the 90th Prime Minister of Japan, elected by a special session of the National Diet on 26 September 2006. He was Japan's youngest post-World War II prime minister and the first born after the war. He resigned
  • Yasukuni Shrine: Yasukuni Shrine is a Shinto shrine located in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It is dedicated to the kami (spirits) of soldiers and others who died fighting on behalf of the Emperor of Japan. Currently, its Symbolic Registry of Divinities lists the names of o
  • Fixed exchange rate: A fixed exchange rate, sometimes called a pegged exchange rate, is a type of exchange rate regime wherein a currency's value is matched to the value of another single currency or to a basket of other currencies, or to another measure of value, such a
  • Special Economic Zone: A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a geographical region that has economic laws that are more liberal than a country's typical economic laws. The category 'SEZ' covers a broad range of more specific zone types, including Free Trade Zones (FTZ), Export
  • Yi people: The Yi people (own name in the Liangshan dialect: ꆈꌠ, official transcription: Nuosu, nɔ̄sū; ; the older name "Lolo" or "Luoluo" is now considered derogatory in China, though used officially in Vietnam as Lô Lô and in Thailand as Lolo) are a modern et
  • Shenzhou spacecraft: Shenzhou ( ) is a spacecraft from the People's Republic of China which first carried a Chinese taikonaut into orbit on October 15, 2003. Development began in 1992, under the name of Project 921-1. The Chinese National Manned Space Program was given t
  • One-China policy: The One-China policy ( ) is a principle that there is one China and that mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan are all part of that China. The acceptance or rejection of this principle is a major factor in relations between the People's Republi
  • Buyei: The Buyei (also spelled Puyi, Bouyei and Buyi; self called: Buxqyaix, puʔjai, or "Puzhong", "Burao", "Puman"; Chinese: 布依族; Pinyin: Bùyīzú; Vietnamese: người Bố Y) are an ethnic group living in southern China. Numbering 2.5 million, they are the 11th
  • Wuhan University: Wuhan University (WHU; Simplified Chinese: 武汉大学; Traditional Chinese: 武漢大學; Pinyin: Wǔhàn Dàxué; colloquially 武大, Pinyin: Wǔdà) is a prestigious university in China. It is a key university directly under the administration of the Ministry of Educatio
  • Sex-selective abortion and infanticide: Sex-selective abortion is the targeted abortion of a fetus based upon its sex. This is done after a determination is made (usually by ultrasound but also rarely by amniocentesis or another procedure) that the fetus is of an undesired sex. Sex selecti
  • Sukhoi Su-30: The Sukhoi Su-30 (NATO reporting name "Flanker-C") is an agile military aircraft developed by Russia's Sukhoi Aviation Corporation and introduced into operational service in 1996. It is a multi-role strike fighter that can perform both air superiorit
  • Sports in China: Although China has long been associated with the martial arts, sports in China today refers to a small variety of competitive sports played in China, including mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau. Traditional Chinese culture regards physical fitness
  • East China Normal University: East China Normal University (ECNU) ( ), was founded in October 1951 in western Shanghai, on the campus of Daxia University. It is the first Normal University of the People's Republic of China, and one of China's top comprehensive research-oriented u
  • Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China: Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China is conducted under a wide variety of laws and administrative regulations. In accordance with these laws, more than sixty Internet regulations have been made by the People's Republic of China (PRC)
  • Environment of China: This article documents the environment of China. One of the serious negative consequences of the People's Republic of China's rapid industrial development has been increased pollution and degradation of natural resources. Much solid waste is not prop
  • Way of Former Heaven: The Way of Former Heaven (or Hsien-t'ien tao or Xian Tian Tao , 先天道) encompasses five religious groups of Chinese origin. They claim to strive for the unification of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Christianity and Islam. They were violently suppress



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