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Japan (日本 Nihon or Nippon , officially 日本国 or Nihon-koku) is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes identified as the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan comprises over 3,000 islands making it an archipelago. The largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for 97% of Japan's land area. Most of the islands are mountainous, many volcanic; for example, Japan’s highest peak, Mount Fuji, is a volcano. Japan has the world's tenth largest population, with about 128 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents. Archaeological research indicates that people were living on the islands of Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan begins with brief appearances in Chinese history texts from the first century AD. Influence from the outside world followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. Since adopting its constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament, the Diet. A major economic power, Japan has the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP. It is a member of the United Nations, G8, G4, OECD and APEC, with the world's fifth largest defense budget. It is also the world's fourth largest exporter and sixth largest importer and a world leader in technology and machinery. (more)

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  • Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group: Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Incorporated ( ), or MUFG, is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. It holds an asset of around US$1.2 trillion and is one of the main companies of the Mitsubishi Group . The company was f
  • Rakugo: Rakugo (落語 literally "fallen words") is a Japanese verbal entertainment. The lone storyteller (Rakugoka) sits on the stage, called the Kōza(高座), and using only a paper fan as a prop, and without standing up from his seat, depicts a long and complicat
  • Tokyo City: Tokyo City was a municipality in Japan. It existed from May 1, 1889 to July 1, 1943, when it was merged with Tokyo Prefecture to form the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. The historical boundaries of Tokyo City are now occupied by the 23 special wards.
  • Mongol invasions of Japan: The Mongol invasions of Japan of 1274 and 1281 were major military operations undertaken by Kublai Khan to invade the Japanese islands after conquering Korea. Despite their ultimate failure, the invasion attempts are of macrohistorical importance, se
  • Japanese Brazilian: A Japanese Brazilian (日系ブラジル人 in Japanese ; nipo-brasileiro in Portuguese) is a Brazilian citizen of Japanese ethnic origin, or a Japanese immigrant living in Brazil. The first Japanese immigrants arrived in Brazil 100 years ago. Nowadays, Brazil is
  • Ministry of the Environment (Japan): The Ministry of the Environment of Japan was formed in 2001 from the sub-cabinet level Environmental Agency established in 1971. The minister is a member of the Cabinet and is chosen by the Prime Minister, usually from the Diet. As of 2007, the minis
  • Kuril Islands dispute: The Kuril Island dispute (Russian: Проблема принадлежности Курильских островов, Japanese: 北方領土問題) is a dispute between Japan and Russia over sovereignty over the southernmost Kuril Islands. The disputed islands, which were occupied by Soviet forces d
  • Japanese Experiment Module: The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) (Japanese: Kibō きぼう, Hope) is a Japanese science module for the International Space Station (ISS) developed by JAXA. Once complete, it will be the largest single ISS module. The first two pieces of the module were
  • Kemmu restoration: The Kemmu Restoration was a period of Japanese history that occurred from 1333 to 1336. It marks the three year period between the fall of the Kamakura shogunate and the rise of the Ashikaga shogunate, when Emperor Go-Daigo attempted to re-establish
  • Mori Ōgai: 'Mori Ōgai , The Dancing Girl, 1890) described an affair between a Japanese man and a German woman. In 1899, he married Akamatsu Toshiko, daughter of Admiral Akamatsu Noriyoshi, a close friend of Nishi Amane. He divorced her the following year under
  • Six-party talks: The six-party talks aim to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns as a result of the North Korean nuclear weapons program. There has been a series of meetings with six participating states: the People's Republic of China; the Republic of
  • Black Ships: The Black Ships (in Japanese, 黒船, kurofune) was the name given to Western vessels arriving in Japan between the 15th and 19th centuries. In particular, it refers to Mississippi, Plymouth, Saratoga, and Susquehanna, that arrived on July 14,1853 at Ura
  • Shinshūkyō: Shinshūkyō. In the West, the best-known Shinshūkyō is probably Aum Shinrikyo, the group which released a sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway in 1995.
  • Takeda Pharmaceutical Company: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited ( ) is the largest pharmaceutical company in Japan, with overseas business offices in Europe and in the United States. Their American subsidiary, Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc., is based in Deerfield,
  • Sei Shōnagon: Sei Shōnagon (清少納言), (c.966-1017) was a Japanese author and a court lady who served the Empress Teishi/Empress Sadako around the year 1000 during the middle Heian Period, and is best known as the author of The Pillow Book (枕草子 makura no sōshi). Sei S
  • Agency for Cultural Affairs: The Agency for Cultural Affairs is a special body of the Japanese Ministry of Education (MEXT). It was set up in 1968 to promote Japanese arts and culture. As of 2005, it is led by the Commissioner for Cultural Affairs, Hayao Kawai. The agency's budg
  • Kimi ga Yo: Kimi ga Yo The lyrics are based on a Waka poem written in the Heian period, sung to a melody written in the later Meiji Era. The current melody was chosen in 1880, replacing an unpopular melody composed eleven years earlier. Although Kimi ga Yo had l
  • Japanese post-war economic miracle: Japanese post-war economic miracle is the name given to the historical phenomenon of Japan's record period of economic growth following World War II, spurred partly by United States investment but mainly by Japanese government economic interventionis
  • Regions of Japan: The regions of Japan are not official administrative units, but have been traditionally used as the regional division of Japan in a number of contexts. For instance, maps and geography textbooks divide Japan into the eight regions, weather reports us
  • Association of Southeast Asian Nations Plus Three: ASEAN Plus Three is a forum that functions as a coordinator of cooperation between Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the three East Asian nations of China, Japan, and South Korea.
  • Fujiwara-kyō: Fujiwara-kyō (藤原京, in Japanese also Fujiwara no miyako), was the Imperial capital of Japan for sixteen years between 694 and 710. It was located in Yamato Province, specifically, present-day Kashihara in Nara prefecture, having been moved from nearby
  • Port of Yokohama: The Port of Yokohama is operated by the Port and Harbor Bureau of the City of Yokohama in Japan. It opens onto Tokyo Bay. The port is located at a latitude of 35.19.–29°N and a longitude of 139.37–45°E. To the south lies the Port of Yokosuka; to the
  • Japanese traditional dance: There are two types of Japanese traditional dance: Odori, which originated in the Edo period, and Mai, which originated in the western part of Japan. Odori grew out of Kabuki drama and is more oriented toward male sentiments. Mai is traditionally per
  • Seven & I Holdings Co.: Seven & I Holdings Co., Ltd. ( ) is a corporation in Japan. Formed on September 1, 2005 as the parent company of the 7-Eleven Japan chain of convenience stores, the Ito Yokado grocery and clothing stores, and the Denny's Japan family restaurants. It
  • Japan–United States relations: The relationship between Japan and the United States of America is one of very close economic and military cooperation coupled with extensive cultural exchange.
  • Nanzan University: Nanzan University is a private, coeducational university located in Aichi, Japan. The main campus is in the Shōwa Ward of Nagoya, with another in Seto and a recently established satellite campus near Nagoya's Takaoka Station on the Sakura-dōri Line.
  • Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group: Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group ( ), or SMFG, is a Japanese financial group, the third largest bank in Japan. It holds an asset of around US $1.3 trillion and is one of the largest companies of the Sumitomo Group.
  • Football in Japan: Football in Japan has become one of the most popular sport in the country. Its nation wide organisation, Japan Football Association administers the professional football league, J. League which is the most successful football league in Asia.
  • Energy in Japan: Japan lacks significant domestic sources of fossil energy except coal and must import substantial amounts of crude oil, natural gas, and other energy resources, including uranium. In 1990 Japan's dependence on imports for primary energy stood at more
  • Mitsubishi Estate Co.: Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd. ( ) is a Japanese corporation. It is one of the core Mitsubishi companies.
  • Filipinos in Japan: Filipinos in Japan (Japanese: 在日フィリピン人) formed a population of 202,592 individuals at year-end 2007, making them Japan's fourth-largest foreign community, according to the statistics of the Ministry of Justice. Their population reached as high as 245
  • Yomihon: Yomihon is a type of Japanese book from the Edo period (1603–1867), that was influenced by Chinese vernacular novels such as Water Margin. Unlike other Japanese books of the period, they had few illustrations, and the emphasis was on the text. Often
  • Japanese handicrafts: The many and varied traditional handicrafts of Japan enjoy official recognition and protection and, owing to the folk art movement, are much in demand. Some enjoy status as a meibutsu or regional specialty. Each craft demands a set of specialized ski
  • East Asian rainy season: The East Asian rainy season (Chinese: 梅雨, méiyǔ; Japanese: 梅雨, tsuyu, baiu,Korean:장마,jangma) is the frontal precipitation caused by the meiyu or baiu front, a persistent east-west zone of disturbed weather during spring which is quasi-stationary and
  • Central Highland (Japan): The Central Highland, or Koshin Region, is an inland region on central Honshū in Japan. It comprises most of Nagano and Yamanashi Prefectures, as well as the Hida and Tōnō areas of Gifu Prefecture. The humid continental climate of the region gives la
  • Japan during World War I: Japan participated in World War I from 1914 to 1917, as one of the major Entente Powers, played an important role in securing the sea lanes in South Pacific and Indian Oceans against the Kaiserliche Marine. Politically, Japan seized the opportunity
  • Six Codes: Six Codes, (Japanese 六法 (roppō) Chinese: 六法 (liufa)), refers to the six main legal codes that makes up the main body of law in Taiwan and Japan. Sometimes, the term is also used to describe the six major areas of law. Furthermore, it may refer to all
  • Kujikata Osadamegaki: Kujikata Osadamegaki (公事方御定書, lit. "book of rules for public officials") was a two-volume rulebook for Japanese judicial bureaucrats during the Edo Period (江戸時代). It was enacted by Shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune in 1742. The book was used to determine app
  • Japan Post Bank: Japan Post Bank Company, Limited, or ゆうちょ for short, is a Japanese bank headquartered in Tokyo. It is the world's largest bank by asset of around US $3.2 trillion (3,500 billion Yen) that was established on October 1, 2007, with the privatization of
  • Ecoregions in Japan: Japan is home to a nine forest ecoregions, which reflect its climate and geography. The islands that constitute Japan generally have a humid climate, which ranges from warm subtropical in the southern islands to cool temperate on the northern island
  • South Korea: South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (or ROK) and often referred to as Korea (Korean: 대한민국, tɛː.han.min.ɡuk̚, Hanja: 大韓民國), ) is a presidential republic in East Asia, occupying the southern half of the Korean Peninsula. Also known as the "La
  • Taiwan: Taiwan ( ; Taiwanese: 大圓, Tâi-oân) is an island in East Asia. "Taiwan" is also commonly used to refer to the territories governed by the Republic of China (ROC) and to ROC itself, which governs the island of Taiwan, Orchid Island and Green Island in
  • Manga: Manga is the Japanese word for comics (sometimes called komikku コミック) and print cartoons. Lent, John A. 2001. "Introduction." In John A. Lent, editor. Illustrating Asia: Comics, Humor Magazines, and Picture Books. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai'
  • Bank: A banker or bank is a financial institution whose primary activity is to act as a payment agent for customers, and to borrow, lend, and, in all modern banking systems, create money. The first modern bank was founded in Italy in Genoa in 1406, its nam
  • Zen: Zen (Japanese: 禅), the Japanese translation for Chan (Traditional Chinese: 禪; Simplified Chinese: 禅), is a school of Mahāyāna Buddhism. The Korean pronunciation of 禪 is Seon and the Vietnamese pronunciation of which is Thiền. Zen emphasizes dharma pr
  • International Space Station: The International Space Station (ISS) is a research facility being assembled in space. Its on-orbit assembly began in 1998. The space station is in a low Earth orbit and can be seen from Earth with the naked eye: it has an altitude of about 350 km (
  • Ming Dynasty: The Ming Dynasty ( ), or Empire of the Great Ming ( ), was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic Hans (the main Chinese ethnic grou
  • Sumo: Sumo is a competitive contact sport where two wrestlers (rikishi) attempt to force one another out of a circular ring (dohyo) or to touch the ground with anything other than the soles of the feet. The sport originated in Japan, the only country where
  • Automotive industry: The automotive industry is the industry involved in the design, development, manufacture, marketing, and sale of motor vehicles. In 2007, more than 73 million motor vehicles, including cars and commercial vehicles were produced worldwide. In 2007, a
  • Baekje: Baekje (18 BCE – 660 CE), or Paekche, was a kingdom located in southwest Korea. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla. Baekje was founded by Onjo, the third son of Goguryeo's founder Jumong, at Wirye-sung (around
  • Beef: Beef is the culinary name for meat from bovines, especially domestic cattle (cows). Beef is one of the principal meats used in the cuisine of Australia, Europe and the Americas, and is also important in Africa, East Asia, and Southeast Asia. In the M
  • Feudalism: Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period (17th century), in its most classic sense refers to a Medieval Europe political system comprised of a set of reciprocal legal and military obligations among the warrior nobility, revolving aroun
  • Research and development: The phrase research and development (also R and D or, more often, R&D), according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, refers to "creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, in
  • House of Representatives of Japan: The House of Representatives is the lower house of the Diet of Japan. The House of Councillors of Japan is the upper house. The House of Representatives has 480 members, elected for four-year terms. Of these, 180 are elected from 11 multi-member cons
  • Ryukyu Islands: The Ryukyu Islands, in Japanese called the Nansei Islands (literally Southwest Islands), are a chain of Japanese islands in the western Pacific Ocean at the eastern limit of the East China Sea. They stretch southwest from the island of Kyūshū to the
  • Japan Airlines: Japan Airlines Corporation ( ), or JAL, is an airline of Japan. It is one of the largest airline operators in Asia. It is based in Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan, operating scheduled and non-scheduled international and domestic services. Its main bases are
  • Battle of Sekigahara: The Battle of Sekigahara, popularly known as the Realm Divide, was a decisive battle on September 15 1600 that cleared the path to the Shogunate for Tokugawa Ieyasu. Though it would take three more years for Ieyasu to consolidate his position of powe
  • Purchasing power parity: The purchasing power parity (PPP) theory uses the long-term equilibrium exchange rate of two currencies to equalize their purchasing power. Developed by Gustav Cassel in 1920, it is based on the law of one price: the theory that, in an ideally effici
  • List of countries by population density: List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. The list also includes but does not rank unrecognized
  • Surrender of Japan: The surrender of Japan in August 1945 brought World War II to a close. On August 10, 1945, after the invasion of Manchuria by the Soviet Union and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan's leaders at the Imperial conference (gozenkaigi)
  • First Sino-Japanese War: The First Sino-Japanese War ( ; 日清戦争 Romaji: Nisshin Sensō) (1 August 1894 – 17 April 1895) was a war fought between Qing Dynasty China and Meiji Japan over the control of Korea. The Sino-Japanese War would come to symbolize the degeneration and enfe
  • Imperial House of Japan: The Imperial House of Japan (also referred to as the Imperial Family or kōshitsu, 皇室) comprises those members of the extended family of the reigning Emperor of Japan who undertake official and public duties. Under the present Constitution of Japan, t
  • List of countries by GDP (PPP) per hour worked: This is a list of countries of the world sorted by their Gross Domestic Product (PPP converted) per hour worked. This is the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year, divided by the total annual hours worked. The
  • Kamikaze (typhoon): Kamikaze (神風) is a Japanese word, usually translated as divine wind, believed to be a gift from the gods. The term is first known to have been used as the name of a pair or series of typhoons that are said to have saved Japan from two Mongol fleets u
  • Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598): Two Japanese invasions of Korea and subsequent battles on the Korean peninsula took place during the years 1592-1598. Toyotomi Hideyoshi led the newly unified Japan into the first invasion (1592-1593) with the professed goal of conquering Korea, the
  • Taishō period: The Taishō period, or Taishō era, is a period in the history of Japan dating from July 30, 1912 to December 25, 1926, coinciding with the reign of the Taishō Emperor. The health of the new emperor was weak, which prompted the shift in political power
  • Book of Han: The Book of Han ( ) is a classic Chinese historical writing completed in 111 CE, covering the history of Western Han from 206 BCE to 25 CE. It is also sometimes called the Book of Former Han. A second book, the Book of Later Han covers the Eastern Ha
  • Pacific Ring of Fire: The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions encircling the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and vol
  • Woodblock printing: Woodblock printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia and originating in China in antiquity as a method of printing on textiles and later paper. As a method of printing on cloth, the earliest survivi
  • Koreans in Japan: Koreans in Japan are the ethnic Korean residents of Japan. They currently constitute the largest ethnic minority group in Japan. The majority of Koreans in Japan are Zainichi Koreans, also often known as Zainichi for short, who are the permanent ethn
  • Japanese art: Japanese art covers a wide range of art styles and media, including ancient pottery, sculpture in wood and bronze, ink painting on silk and paper, and a myriad of other types of works of art. It also has a long history, ranging from the beginnings of
  • Ashikaga Takauji: was the founder and 1st shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate. His rule began in 1338, beginning the Muromachi period of Japan, and ended with his death in 1358. He was a descendant of the samurai of the Seiwa Genji line, descended from Emperor Seiwa, tha
  • Temperate coniferous forest: Temperate coniferous forest is a terrestrial biome found in temperate regions of the world with warm summers and cool winters and adequate rainfall to sustain a forest. In most Temperate coniferous forests, evergreen conifers predominate, while some
  • Liancourt Rocks: The Liancourt Rocks are a group of small islets in the Sea of Japan (East Sea). Sovereignty over the islands is disputed between Japan and South Korea. South Korea has controlled them since after the Second World War. "Liancourt Rocks / Takeshima / D
  • Murasaki Shikibu: Murasaki Shikibu (紫式部; c. 973-c. 1014 or 1025), or Lady Murasaki as she is sometimes known in English, was a Japanese novelist, poet, and a maid of honor of the imperial court during the Heian period. She is best known as the author of The Tale of Ge
  • Treaty of San Francisco: The Treaty of San Francisco or San Francisco Peace Treaty between the Allied Powers and Japan, was officially signed by 49 nations on September 8, 1951 in San Francisco, California. It came into force on April 28, 1952. Although commonly known as the
  • Sadaharu Oh: Sadaharu Oh or officially Wang Chenchih ( , Hepburn: Ō Sadaharu, born May 20 1940), is a former baseball player and manager of the Yomiuri Giants in Nippon Professional Baseball and is the current manager of the Fukuoka Softbank Hawks. He holds the w
  • ASIMO: ASIMO is a humanoid robot created by Honda Motor Company. Standing at 130 centimeters (4 feet 3 inches) and weighing 54 kilograms (119 pounds), the robot resembles a small astronaut wearing a backpack and can walk or run on two feet at speeds up to 6
  • Kokugaku: Kokugaku (Kyūjitai: 國學/Shinjitai: 国学; lit. National study) was a school of Japanese philology and philosophy originating during the Tokugawa period. Kokugaku scholars tended to relativatize the study of Chinese and Buddhist texts and favoured philolo
  • Okinotorishima: Okinotorishima is an atoll, which in English has multiple designations (Okinotori coral reefs, Okinotori Islands). It was formerly called Parece Vela, Portuguese and Spanish for "it looks like a sail" (alluding to the original appearance of the reef)
  • Nagoya Port: The Port of Nagoya (名古屋港; Nagoya-kō), located in Ise Bay, is the largest trading port in Japan, accounting for about 10% of the total trade value of Japan. Notably, this port is the largest exporter of cars in Japan and where the Toyota Motor Corpora



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