The Rockefeller Foundation (RF) is a prominent philanthropic organization based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City. The preeminent institution established by the six-generation Rockefeller family, it was founded by John D. Rockefeller ("Senior"), along with his son John D. Rockefeller, Jr. ("Junior"), and Senior's principal business and philanthropic advisor, Frederick T. Gates, in New York State in 1913.

Its central historical mission is to "promote the well-being of mankind throughout the world." According to Rockefeller, this was best achieved through scientific philanthropy, where the primary aim is to examine first causes and thus cure social problems at their source.

Some of its historical achievements include:

• Financially supported education in the United States "without distinction of race, sex or creed", including longterm assistance for leading ivy league universities;
• Established the first schools of public health;
• Developed the vaccine to prevent yellow fever;
• Funded the original development of the social sciences;
• Supported the establishment of a large range of American and international cultural institutions;
• Funded the modernization of agriculture in the developing world, known as the Green Revolution.

The endowment's assets were $3.4 billion at year-end 2005, and ranks 15th in total assets, out of all foundations in the United States. Although it is no longer the largest foundation by assets, the Rockefeller Foundation's pre-eminent legacy ranks it among the most impactful and influential NGOs in the world.