Robert Taylor (born 1931) is an American composer. For several years, his output has comprised works perhaps best characterized as avant-garde computer-music. Previously, he had composed music for an array of acoustic media, including solo voice, string quartet, string orchestra, voice and piano-or-computer, double-orchestra and soprano, mixed chorus, and various chamber ensembles. His works have been performed internationally, in concert and on radio broadcasts. Before turning to composition, from a very young age, he played French horn in a variety of orchestras and chamber ensembles. Private study in composition was with Ernst Krenek, Roger Sessions and Milton Babbitt.
The computer has played a pivotal role in Taylor's work. On one hand, as noted below, it has enabled in-depth studies (since 1968) of musical systems and the elaboration of systematic results which would have been impossible by other means. Equally important, the computer has acted both as a generator of sound-materials for compositions, and as a powerful means of the manipulation of those materials in performance. In Taylor's electronic pieces, sound and score-generation are produced, both from "scratch" (using his own version of MusicIV), and from synthesizers (usually four in parallel) under computer-program control and routed by real-time switching devices.
Taylor has devoted much time and effort over the years to the study of musical systems, mainly by means of Abstract Algebra. This has involved extensive programming of computers, necessary for the resolution of questions concerning combinatorial and permutational possibilities within the "Twelve-Tone System" and the musical significance, if any, of these. Early points of departure for these studies were the works of Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern and Ernst Krenek, and later, Milton Babbitt--in particular the theoretical papers and tutelage of the latter.
In addition to having lived in New York, Los Angeles and the American Midwest, the composer has spent a dozen or so years in Europe, including Rome, Berlin, Utrecht and Paris. Taylor speaks several languages fluently. Although hectic at times, friends and colleagues report that he considers those years an important element in the formation of his Weltanschauung. On his return from a ten-year stay in Europe, he spent five years as Member of Technical Staff at Jet Propulsion Laboratory. During that time, he worked on the Viking, Voyager and Galileo space-exploration projects (and financed his electronic studio).
Mr. Taylor now lives in New England.
Recent works (all electronic) include:
A major work, score (graphics) currently being completed, is:
Canti per gli innocenti for mixed chorus and soloists, electronic and acoustic instruments. Texts: Greek Epitaphs, and Sappho, transliterated from the original Greek; Horace, in the original Latin.
Sir Robert Taylor (1714 - 1788) was a notable English architect of the mid-late 18th century.
Born at Woodford, Essex, Taylor followed in his father's footsteps and started working as a stone-mason and sculptor, spending time as a pupil of Sir Henry Cheere. Robert_Taylors.html" target="_blank">Sir_Robert_Taylor's_Foundation Despite some important commissions (including a bust of London merchant Christopher Emmott (d. 1745) today held in the church of St Bartholomew, _Colne, Lancashire ), he enjoyed little success and turned instead to architecture, where, through talent and hard work, he became a leading architect of the time.
Among his earliest projects was Asgill House (known then as Richmond Place), built for a wealthy banker, Sir Charles Asgill, 1st Baronet, in Richmond upon Thames (circa 1760), and nearby Oak House. Through such connections, he came to be appointed as architect to the Bank of England until his death (caused by catching a chill at his friend Asgill's funeral in September 1788) when he was succeeded by Sir John Soane. In 1769 he succeeded Sir William Chambers as Architect of the King's Works.
Other projects include:
His pupils included John Nash, George Byfield and William Pilkington.
He had a son, Michael Angelo Taylor (1757-1834), who, as MP for Poole, became a Whig politician during the 1830s. Father and son were both buried in the church of St Martin-in-the-Fields in Trafalgar Square, London.
From 1789 until his death, Sir Robert served as a vice president on the board of the Foundling Hospital, a prominent charity dedicated to the welfare of London's abandoned children. The Taylor Institution, Oxford University's centre for the study of medieval and modern European languages and literatures, takes its name from a bequest from Sir Robert for the purpose of "establishing a foundation for the teaching and improving the European languages". The money was initially invested and interest left to accrue to cover building costs.
Robert W. Taylor (born 1932) was director of ARPA's Information Processing Techniques Office (1965-69), founder and later manager of Xerox PARC's Computer Science Laboratory (CSL) (1970-83), and founder and manager of Digital Equipment Corporation's Systems Research Center (1983-96). Taylor is currently retired and living in California.
Bob Taylor was born in Texas, the son of a Methodist minister. Taylor was trained as an experimental psychologist and mathematician and his earliest career was devoted to brain research and the auditory nervous system. After working for a defense contractor, Martin Marietta, and after he submitted a research proposal to NASA, Taylor was invited to joined NASA in 1961.
J.C.R. Licklider and Taylor co-authored the seminal paper, "The Computer as a Communication Device," Science and Technology, April 1968. Taylor worked on the creation of ARPANET, which later became the modern internet.
In 1984, Taylor, Butler Lampson, and Charles P. Thacker received the ACM Software Systems Award "For conceiving and guiding the development of the Xerox Alto System demonstrating that a distributed personal computer system can provide a desirable and practical alternative to time-sharing." (In 1994, all three were named ACM Fellows in recognition of the same work.) In 1999, he received the National Medal of Technology "For visionary leadership in the development of modern computing technology, including computer networks, the personal computer and the graphical user interface." In 2004, he won the Charles Stark Draper Prize together with Alan Kay, Butler W. Lampson, and Charles P. Thacker "For the vision, conception, and development of the first practical networked personal computers."
Ortographic correction
The record on Robert Taylor's work on computer networks blows away the myth that the Arpanet was designed to survive a nuclear attack. Instead Taylor wanted to have very different, or incompatible, and hugely expensive computers - 3 of them, as it were at MIT, SDC at Santa Monica and the University of California (Berkeley)to be able to communicate with each other.
This implies that the reasons to build a computer communication network were logical, common and practical: to take more out from each budget dollar.
This communication was impossible in the time-sharing framework of the day. So, along with the GUI (guider user interface) revolution, Bob Taylor gave the go-ahead, and the money, to head start a second computer revolution: from time-sharing to networking.
In his own words, "So, what I concluded was that we had to do something about communication, and that the idea of the galactic network that Lick talked about -probably more than anybody - was something that we had to start thinking about."
Licklider and Vannevar Bush exerted the most important influences on Robert Taylor, and if ARPA's Director Charlie Herzfeld allocated the budget on Taylor's urge, it was Lawrence G. Roberts, who Taylor was able to attract from MIT, who made the whole thing technically possible.
Apart from his outstanding work as an operating systems code writer (on the Tx-2, the upgrade on the TX-0, this the first all-transistor computer built in the world) and as a visionary on the GUI and the online computer, Robert Taylor also excelled as a Team builder, co-ordinator and all-times reference.
Doing that with scientists for years in a row is arguably his 3rd revolution: the flat, chaotic Business Unit that produces the best results in the world.
Robert Taylor (September 14 1948 - November 13 2007) was a former American athlete, winner of gold medal in 4x100 m relay at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He is the father of NFL player Bobby Taylor.
Taylor won the AAU championships in 100 m in 1972 and in 400 m in 1977. At the Munich Olympics, Taylor was second in the 100 m and also ran the second leg in the American 4x100 m relay team, which won a gold medal and equalled the United States' own world record of 38.19.
At the 1975 Pan American Games, Taylor was a member of gold medal winning 4x400 m relay team.
He tried out for the National Football League's Kansas City Chiefs as a wide receiver, but did not make it because he could not catch the ball.
Taylor became a teacher in Missouri City, Texas, before his death in 2007. He graduated from Texas Southern University.
Robert George Taylor (7 December 1932—18 June 1981) was Conservative Member of Parliament for Croydon North West, South London from 1970 until his death in 1981, which triggered the Croydon North West by-election.
Reverend Robert Taylor (1784 - 1844), was an early 19th century Radical, a clergyman turned freethinker whose "Infidel home missionary tour" was a dramatic incident in Charles Darwin's education, subsequently leaving Charles Darwin with a horrifying memory of "the Devil's Chaplain" as a warning of the dangers of dissent from established Church of England doctrine.
Robert Taylor is an Australian actor. He is best known internationally for his role in The Matrix as Agent Jones. He also appeared in the crocodile horror film Rogue and stars in Australian thriller Storm Warning.
Robert Joseph Taylor (born in Liverpool, 1 November 1873; date of death unknown) was an English cricketer, who played three first-class games, two for Lancashire in June 1898 and one for Worcestershire in August 1900. He also played for Lancashire Second XI between 1897 and 1899.
Taylor took two first-class wickets, both for Lancashire: his victims were Frederick Holland and Gregor MacGregor.
Robert John Taylor, PC (1881 - 19 July 1954) was a British Labour Party politician.
He was elected at the 1935 general election as Member of Parliament for the Morpeth constituency in Northumberland, and held the seat until his death in 1954, aged 73.
In Clement Attlee's post-war Labour Government, he was a Lord of the Treasury (a government whip) from 1945 to 1951. After Labour's defeat at the 1951 general election, he was appointed in 1952 as a Privy Counsellor.
Robert Taylor (April 29, 1763 - July 3, 1845) was a nineteenth century politician and lawyer from Virginia.
Born in Orange Court House, Virginia, Taylor completed preparatory studies, studied law and was admitted to the bar 1783, commencing practice in Orange Court House. He held several local offices before serving in the Virginia State Senate from 1804 to 1815 also serving as president pro tempore. He was elected an Adams Republican to the United States House of Representatives in 1824, serving from 1825 to 1827. Afterwards, he devoted his attention to the management of his plantation. Taylor died at his estate called "Meadow Farm" in Orange County, Virginia on July 3, 1845 and was interred in the family cemetery on the estate.
Robert Anthony Taylor (born 30 April 1971 in Norwich) is an English retired association football player turned manager. He currently manages Dereham Town of the Eastern Counties Football League.
General Robert Taylor was a general officer of the British Army during the late eighteenth century.
In 1783, he was appointed a Cornet in the 5th Dragoon Guards, purchasing his lieutenantcy in 1784 and captaincy in 1785. In June 1790 he purchased his commission as a Major, and as a Lieutenant-Colonel in 1792. In 1793 he moved with the regiment from Ireland to Flanders and Germany, where he saw service over the next two years.
He was appointed a brevet Colonel in 1796, and from February 1798 to July 1799 served as a brigadier-general in Ireland, throughout the whole of the Irish Rebellion of 1798. At the Battle of Ballinamuck in September 1798 he was second-in-command under Gerard Lake, 1st Viscount Lake, and was mentioned in despatches for his assistance.
He served again in Ireland from 1803 to 1808, being appointed a Lieutenant-General, and was made a full General, by brevet, in August 1819.
Councillor Robert Taylor represented Dalmellington from 1993 till 2002. He went on to become a senior member of East Ayrshire Council as Chairman of Community Services, Chairman of Cumnock and Doon Valley Minerals Trust and a member of Strathclyde Police Board. He was also Chairman of the Civic Licencing Board and Chairman of The Galleon Leisure Centre in Kilmarnock and was involved at national level through The Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (S.E.P.A.)
He was first elected in a by-election in October 1993. Re-elected in May 1995, and then re-elected again in May 1999, but retired through ill health in February 2002.
Councillor Taylor was an Executive member of Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley Labour Party. He was also Chairman of Cumnock and Doon Valley District Labour Party and Area Secretary of The Co-operative Party.
He was born in Dalmellington in March 1952, where he still lives today with his wife Elizabeth.
Dalmellington is an ex-mining village in Ayrshire in South West Scotland. It sits on the banks of the "River Doon" on the A713 between Ayr and Castle Douglas which is known as "The Galloway Tourist Route".
