Orangeburg, also known as "The Garden City," is the only city in and the county seat of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 12,765 at the 2000 census. The population declined from the 1950s to the 1990s, but it is starting to see an increase. The city is located southeast of Columbia, on the north fork of the Edisto River.

A civil rights protest was staged at a whites-only bowling alley in Orangeburg on February 8, 1968. In what would become known as the Orangeburg Massacre, officers of the SC Highway Patrol became involved in an altercation with the protesters. The officers fired into the crowd, killing 3 and wounding 27.

In May of 2000, the city created the blank">Orangeburg County Community of Character initiative, which is a collaborative effort by the Downtown Orangeburg Revitalization Association (DORA), _The Times and Democrat newspaper, the Orangeburg County Chamber of Commerce, and the Orangeburg County Development Commission.

In 2005, the National Civic League awarded Orangeburg County with the coveted All-America City Award (which can be awarded to either a city or a county), which recognizes and encourages civic excellence and honors communities in which citizens, government, businesses, and non-profit organizations demonstrate successful resolution of critical community issues.

In 2007, Orangeburg hosted the first 2007 Democratic U.S. presidential candidate debate at Martin Luther King Jr. Auditorium on the campus of South Carolina State University.