The Mongol Empire, also known as the Mongolian Empire (Монголын Эзэнт Гүрэн, Mongolyn Ezent Güren; 1206–1405) was the largest contiguous empire in world history and for some time was the most feared in Eurasia. It was the product of Mongol unification and Mongol invasions, which began with Temujin being proclaimed ruler in 1206, eventually sparking the conquests.

By 1279, the Mongol Empire covered over , blank">http://www.hostkingdom.net/earthrul.html up to 22% of _Earth's total land area. It held sway over a population of over 100 million people. However, by that time the empire had already fragmented, with the Golden Horde and the Chagatai Khanate being de facto independent and refusing to accept Kublai Khan as Khagan. By the time of Kublai Khan's death, with no accepted Khagan in existence, the Mongol Empire had already split up into four separate khanates.

blank">Genghis Khan’s Campaign Part of their success was due to alliances made with Turkic and other Asian nomads. It started out as a _Mongol Nation of unified Central Asian confederations such as Mongols, Naimans, Uyghurs, Merkits under Genghis Khan at present day Mongolia, but was territorially expanded after numerous outward conquests against China, Middle East and European regions under multiple Khans and Khagans. After unifying the Mongol and present day Turkic tribes, the Empire expanded through numerous conquests throughout continental Eurasia starting with the conquests of the Jurchen Jin and Western Xia in north China, and the Khwarezmid Empire which stretched from present day Iran to Uzbekistan. During its existence, the Pax Mongolica facilitated cultural exchange and trade between the East, West, and the Middle East in the period of the 13th and 14th centuries. The Mongol Empire established commercial and political connections between the Eastern and Western areas of the world. It is probable that the Mongols and merchant caravans inadvertently brought the Bubonic plague from central Asia to the Middle East and Europe. The plague swept through Eurasia, killing approximately one third to one half of the population (according to some estimates) and changing the course of Asian and European history. The Mongol Empire was ruled by the Khagan. After the death of Möngke Khan, it split into four parts (the Yuan Dynasty, Ilkhanate, Chagatai Khanate and Golden Horde), each of which was ruled by its own Khan. --> During the beginning of the 14th century, most of the khanates of the Empire gradually broke off. They went on to be absorbed and defeated.