Jan Tomáš Forman (ˈjan ˈtomaːʃ ˈforman) (born February 18, 1932), better known as Milos Forman (ˈmɪloʃ ˈforman), is an actor, screenwriter, professor and two-time Academy Award-winning film director.
Forman was born in Čáslav, Czechoslovakia (present-day Czech Republic) to a Jewish father and a Protestant mother. He was orphaned at a very young age when his parents died at the German concentration camp in Auschwitz; his father was imprisoned due to membership in a Czech Resistance group, his mother imprisoned for dealing in illegal grocery trade.
After the war, Miloš attended King George College public school in the spa town Poděbrady, where his fellow students were Václav Havel and the Mašín brothers. Later on he studied screenwriting at the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague. He directed several Czech comedies in Czechoslovakia. However, in 1968 when the USSR and its Warsaw Pact allies invaded the country to end the Prague Spring, he was in Paris negotiating for the production of his first American film.
The Czech studio for which he worked fired him, claiming that he was out of the country illegally. He moved to New York, where he later became a professor of film at Columbia University and co-chair (with his former teacher František Daniel) of Columbia's film division. One of his proteges was future director James Mangold, whom Forman had advised about scriptwriting.
In spite of initial difficulties, he started directing in his new home country, and achieved success in 1975 with the adaptation of Ken Kesey's novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, which won five Academy Awards including one for direction. In 1977, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. Other notable successes have been Amadeus, which won eight Academy Awards, and The People vs. Larry Flynt for which he received a Best Director Academy Award Nomination and a golden globe win.
Forman's early movies are still very popular among Czechs. Many of the situations and phrases made it into common use: for example, the Czech term zhasnout (to switch lights off) from The Firemen's Ball, associated with petty theft in the movie, has been used to describe the large-scale asset stripping happening in the country during the 1990s.
In 1997 he received the Crystal Globe award for outstanding artistic contribution to world cinema at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.
Forman co-starred alongside Edward Norton in the actor's directorial debut Keeping the Faith (2000) as the wise friend to Norton's young, conflicted priest.
In 2006 he received the Hanno R. Ellenbogen Citizenship Award presented by the Prague Society for International Cooperation.
Forman's two twin sons Petr Forman and Matěj Forman (born in 1973) are also movie and theatre actors.
Asteroid 11333 Forman was named after Milos Forman.
Because his parents died in the Nazi concentration camp of Auschwitz, Jan Tomás became an orphan very early on. Later, he studied direction at the School of Cinema in Prague. In his Czechoslovakian films, Cerný Petr (1964), Lásky jedné plavovlásky (1965), and Horí, má panenko (1967), he created his own style of comedy. During the invasion of his country by the troops of the Warsaw pact in the summer of 1968 to stop the Prague spring, he left Europe for the United States. In spite of difficulties, he filmed Taking Off (1971) there and achieved his fame later with One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) adapted from the novel of Ken Kesey, which won five Oscars including one for direction. Other important films of Milos Forman were the musical Hair (1979) and, certainly, his biography of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Amadeus (1984), which won eight Oscars.
