Habsburg (sometimes anglicized to "Hapsburg") and the successor family, Habsburg-Lorraine, were important ruling houses of Europe and are best known as the ruling House of Spain and the ruling Houses of Austria (and the Austrian Empire and its successors) where the dynasty reigned for over six centuries.
Aside from inherited dignities and lands, the dynasty's members were frequently elected to be the "Emperor of the Romans", who nominally led the far flung, fragmented and factional states of the Holy Roman Empire, including the roughly 1800 states of the Germanies.
Their principal roles were as:
- German Kings (several centuries to 1806), mostly also as
- Holy Roman Emperors, and
- Rulers of Austria (as Dukes 1282–1453, Archdukes 1453–1804, and Emperors 1804–1918),
- Kings of Bohemia (1306–1307, 1437–1439, 1453–1457, 1526–1918),
- Kings of Hungary (1437–1439, 1445–1457, 1526–1918),
- Kings of Croatia (1437–1439, 1445–1457, 1527–1918),
- Kings of Spain (1516–1700),
- Kings of Portugal (1580–1640),
- Kings of Galizia and Lodomeria (1772–1918), and
- Grand Princes of Transylvania (1690–1918).
- Grand Dukes of Tuscany (1737–1801; 1814–1860).
- Archdukes of Austria-Este .
Other crowns held briefly by the House included:
- King-consort of England (1554–1558)
- Dukes of Parma (1814–1847)
- Dukes of Modena (1814–1859)
- Emperor of Mexico (1864–1867)
- Queen consort of France and Navarre (later retitle of the French) (1774-1792)
- Empress consort of the French (1810-1814)
Numerous other titles were attached to the crowns listed above.
