Earl Roderick Anthony (April 27 1938 - August 14 2001) was a left-handed American professional bowler. He amassed a total of 41 titles on the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) Tour, a record that was broken by Walter Ray Williams in 2006. His ten professional major titles (six PBA National Championships, two Firestone Tournament of Champions, and two ABC Masters Champions) are the most by any bowler. Anthony also won seven PBA Senior Tour titles for 48 total PBA Tour titles.

Never brash or flashy in a crew-cut and glasses, Anthony was dubbed "Square Earl" by fellow pro bowlers. He was also known by the nickname "The Machine," due to his robot-like consistency and accuracy.